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JLL said that quantum real estate is currently concentrated in ecosystems where universities, government agencies and private companies have established research and innovation clusters
In sum – what to know:
Quantum facilities – JLL has identified more than 240 quantum facilities across 35 countries, spanning nine facility types supporting research, fabrication, and deployment.
Dual deployment – The firm expects quantum commercialization to evolve through both dedicated on-premise installations and cloud-based services delivered through data centers and HPC facilities.
Private investment – While governments still account for most global quantum funding, JLL expects private capital to play an increasingly important role as commercialization advances.
Quantum computing is beginning to create new opportunities for digital infrastructure, with commercialization expected to drive demand for both dedicated facilities and cloud-based deployments, according to a new research note from commercial real estate services firm JLL.
In a recent report, JLL said quantum computing is already a real estate story, identifying more than 240 quantum facilities across 35 countries and nine distinct facility types supporting research, fabrication and deployment.
The firm says quantum real estate is currently concentrated in ecosystems where universities, government agencies and private companies have established research and innovation clusters. Most existing facilities remain relatively modest in size, are publicly owned, and are typically located near academic institutions.
However, JLL notes that the ownership mix is beginning to evolve as commercial data center and high-performance computing (HPC) deployments accelerate and privately developed facilities emerge to support research, fabrication, and cloud-based quantum services.
According to the report, quantum commercialization is expected to follow two complementary paths. Governments and enterprises requiring data sovereignty and security are expected to invest in dedicated on-premise quantum systems, while cloud-based quantum services will provide the primary access model for most organizations through data centers and HPC infrastructure.
Rather than disrupting existing digital infrastructure, JLL argues that quantum computing will complement classical computing. “Quantum will not displace classical computing,” the report states. “It will integrate alongside it as a specialized, high-value layer of compute within the digital infrastructure stack.”
The report also highlights the concentration of global investment. More than half of worldwide quantum funding is associated with the United States or China, while governments account for approximately 70% of tracked funding globally, reflecting the strategic importance many countries place on the technology.
The United States represents a notable exception, where JLL says private capital has recently emerged as the primary driver of quantum investment. According to the report, this distinction has implications for real estate development because government-backed projects typically follow public siting processes and timelines, while private investment can more directly influence facility locations, development speed and ownership.
Investment activity accelerated significantly in 2025, when combined public and private funding reached $9.3 billion—more than five times the 2024 total, JLL added.
Looking ahead, JLL expects governments to remain the largest source of quantum demand during the coming decade because of national security requirements, data sovereignty, and public investment programs. At the same time, cloud-based quantum services are expected to remain the lowest-barrier access model for most organizations, supporting continued deployment within data centers and HPC facilities.
The report also argues that talent availability is likely to become the primary factor influencing where future quantum facilities are developed. With only one qualified candidate available for every three open quantum positions, JLL says proximity to universities and established research ecosystems is expected to provide a structural advantage as deployments scale.
Finally, JLL expects private capital to play an increasingly important role as commercialization advances, suggesting that investors capable of developing infrastructure at the pace of technological progress are likely to become more influential in the next phase of quantum infrastructure development.
